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Meningitis is defined as inflammation of the meninges, which are the thin membranous covering of the brain and spinal cord. There are different variations of the disease which include bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic, and non-infectious. Bacterial meningitis is severe in most cases. Many people fully recover but for those who are less fortunate it may cause brain damage leading to learning disabilities and hearing loss. There are many different pathogens that cause bacterial meningitis. The most common here in the United States are Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, group B Streptococcus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Neisseria meningitidis. These bacteria can be transmitted through direct contact with the nose and throat secretions of an infected person. The main reservoirs for these bacteria are humans but can also be the environment, mainly from the soil. In order to determine if a person has bacterial meningitis blood and cerebrospinal fluid are collected and analyzed by a laboratory. Once it is confirmed that bacteria are present they are then cultured to determine what type of bacteria are present. This lets doctors know how to treat the disease. The discovery of meningitis dates back to the 1800’s. The first evidence that linked bacterial infection as a cause of meningitis was written by Austrian pathologist Anton Weichselbaum. He was the one to isolate the causative agent of cerebrospinal meningitis. He named this bacterium Diplococcus intracellularis meningitidis. The symptoms of bacterial meningitis can appear rapidly over several days. Normally they develop within 3-7 days after exposure to the bacteria. Signs and symptoms of bacterial meningitis can occur suddenly and they include: headac... ...ents. This puts you more at risk for expose to bacteria to the filth of others around you. Pregnancy can also be titled as a risk factor. You're at increased risk of contracting listeriosis which is an infection caused by listeria bacteria. This bacterium may also cause meningitis. If you have listeriosis, your unborn baby is also at high risk of catching meningitis. The last risk factor that I’m going to discuss is weakened immune systems. Some factors that may cause a weakened immune system are: AIDS, alcoholism, diabetes, and certain drugs. When these factors weaken the immune system your body cannot prevent infection. In fact it is very easy to contract meningitis with the above health issues. In conclusion meningitis is not something to take lightly. Stay vaccinated and take preventative actions because this disease is wide spread and can be fatal.

Why did stalemate develop on the western front?

Stalemate; A deadlock in battle situation where neither side makes any progress. Stalemate occurred in the western front, during 1914-16 because of the threat of the Germans losing some land caught from the French, which the French regained after a counter-attack. Both countries decided to defend so therefore dug trenches from the Swiss mountains all the way to the sea. They did this because of the both the Generals had no back plan and couldn't think of another plan. A further significance is that both armies were closely matched in strength and ammunition, even without same sized armies. During the 1914's trench warfare had developed, instead of what happened in the Battle of the Somme, Generals make precautions to protect their armies. Subsequently after France's counter-attack to regain the land lost to the Germans, Germany didn't want to be pushed back any further, so the Germans decided to dig trenches starting from the Swiss mountains all the way to the sea. It was the race to the sea. An additional reason of why stalemate occurred was the superiority of defence. During the wars beyond the 1914 all the countries did was attack with either shells or running across no man's land with guns. The only defence was the barbed wire. However after the Battle of the Somme, Private George Coppard said that hundreds of the soldiers had died on the enemy wire. He also said ‘The Germans must have been reinforcing the wire months. It was so thick that daylight could barley be seen through it'. This showed that the Germans had been thinking defensively as well has attackingly. Another defensive based weapon is the machine gun, the British and the French underestimated it, but the Germans used it more to a greater affect against their Allies. After the attacks, which caused heavy casualties both forces made sure, they had an endless supply of machine guns and ammunition. The trenches were also a strong defence as they sheltered troops and kept their territory behind them. During the battle of the Somme the Germans trenches were re-enforced inside with concrete showing that trenches were thought of a defence mechanism. The stalemate could have occurred by the fact that both Generals had a lack of military expertise. General Von Kluck and General Joffe had no back-up plans in case their original plans had failed. Also Generals had been using 19th century methods in a 20th century battle show their incompetence of the fighting a war. I know this because General Haig wanted to fight a battle with men on horseback showing his lack of skill of being a General. Another potential motive of stalemate is that both Armies were closely matched, but not in size, but in strength, weapons, ammunition and artillery. Both forces had the same weapons of defence and attack such as machine gun, barbed wire and shell ammunition. None of the forces had the same amount of troops in their armies as Russia had the largest Army but was badly organised which gave the Germans a small chance. The French and British Armies combined was a big force but so was the German's and Austria-Hungary's. Both Armies had adopted the same method of fighting making it even more of a closer combat. My conclusion is that stalemate occurred because, not one, but many reasons such as the incompetence of the Generals who didn't have a back up plan so had to make do with trenches, also the way the weapons and way of fighting have changed from all out attack to a defensive encounter, which the generals couldn't figure out. The most apparent reason I find is the how trench warfare had developed and the race to the sea, which showed that neither country didn't, was to lose any more territory.

Report On Business Communication Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1740 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? The communication method be shove in the direction of understand effective communication. Over and over again communication is view as a simple exchange of communication stuck between a spokesperson and a listener, but this is an immature view. Those that go behind the communication process strength of character have the chance to become more dynamic in every phase of their career. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Report On Business Communication Business Essay" essay for you Create order Businesses today face economic pressures and huge competition. Communication gap may affect company growth. Launch a big business perspective, effective communication is a complete, because it frequently accounts for the differentiation between success, letdown or income and loss. It has been changed into basic that useful production communication be critical to the successful operation of up to date enterprise. Even though, every trade human being wants to realize the basics of effective communication. We will utilize communication better and help to create healthy development in the world. In the vastly competitive market, efficient business communication is important for successful company. It optimizes a business and achieves customer hope. Professional commerce statement increases the production and employee happiness. Since of worldwide marketplace communication among country make compound in term of safety and criminal acts. MAIN BODY Question 1 Explain the communication process. How does one ensure that the intended audience has received the right message? 2.0 WHAT IS COMMUNICATION PROCESS Communication is the process of sharing messages between living organisms. Communication essential sender, future receiver plus a message. It is awfully important to express communication. The method of communication is receiver must realize whole message beginning the correspondent. These are many types of communication processes. It can be separated into nonverbal communication, oral statement, visual communication and written statement. Non verbal communication is transmission message without statement. For example, signal body language and phrase. Oral communication is the handing over message trough debate, speeches, presentation and interpersonal communication. Further more, visual communication is the conveying in sequence through visual representations. For example, drawing, graphic, electronic resources and signs. Written communication is the assigning information in the course of papers, clay and shine. Base on the advance of communication we can majorly divide in t o Stone Age, old age and in rank period. Otherwise, during Stone Age, people used grunt as well as body tongue meant for direct communication and drums were used for long space communication. Next is, center age. These, people used letter by the help of pigeons and own messenger by base, horse or ship to express messages. Information age is also known as supercomputer age. Previous few decades globe gain enormous development in information technology. It makes communication professional in all type of business. Globalization is easier for major enterprise since of enlargement in the statement. The communication is especially important tool headed for exchange ideas and convey the information to different people. Human communication is revolutionized from symbols to telecommunication. The square representation of language is secret code. Symbols were used about 30,000 being past. Symbols were used very earlier before common language developed. The formation of all outlines in t he communication is based on the concept of symbols. Several of the early symbols are cave in picture, Petro glyphs, Pictograms also Ideograms and later alphabet was urban to convey messages. In addition to nowadays alphabets are used for all type of written communication. Verbal communication form of communication started before 20,000 years ago. Speech is the program of in order and knowledge. Speech makes easier management and teamwork. But still speech is not great medium of communication as human memory could not remember for long time. Nowadays speeches are store in the electronic medium. Emails are generally used for written category of communication. Reports and presentations are important document for any department. This is very popular medium for knowledge evolution Businesses today face economic pressures and huge competition. Communication space may affect company development. To reduce the communication gap, enterprise should discuss their issues in moment and ge t the answer in time. 3.0 HOW AUDIENCE RECEIVE THE MESSAGE Telecommunication is dreadfully controlling communication structure. Most recent few centuries it has been developed quickly. The growth of communication assist for increase of enterprises and it make easier used for efficient communication. A few examples are television, mobile phones, liar optical telecommunications, plus emails. The effective communication and completing of business plan acting a vital role for any were doing glowing enterprise. From advance in the creation to aim, manufacturing, back-up, sales and marketing Communication Theater key role. Professional communication plays a chief role to be successful in all type of business. Globalization makes world approximating global community. Because of globalization, markets are moving all more than the world. Goods are designed in one country, built-up in another region and product is market in some extra country. So devoid of proper communication, thumbs down company can stand in the aggressive market. Further mo re, data has to send very secure way and every sender has to make positive that messages are realization the correct receiver. Each company is maintain own course of action to protect their group information and they are use some encryption and decryption system for message convey between staff and customers. Otherwise, business communication can divide into internal and external. Internal communication is messages sent and receive within company. The main examples of internal communications are band emails, team meetings along with voice mails. From this communication viewers easily receive the correct message. We can still divide internal communication keen on two types upwards and downwards. Upward communication is message sent from lesser ranks community to higher position people in the union. Instance team, member sends a report to the project manager. Downward communication is opposite of internal communication and example is manager assign job to the lower level employe e. External business communication means exchanging of messages from company to outside people like customers, media or other companies. When customer wants complaint about product and also if they want to get the information about the product they can contact the company. It will help company to reach high customer satisfaction. There is several method of business communications are used in the enterprises. For example Web based, video conferencing, emails, reports, presentation, telephoned, forum and meetings. A web application is accessed through intranet or internet. It helps customers to read their product and help them to know about product or company. It also helps to communicate between the employees through intranet. Almost most of the manual works are saved because of web based applications. Video Conferencing allows people to attend meetings or sharing their work from different places. Telephoned speech helps to communicate long distance communication. Forum is used for informal communication, which allow people to share their knowledge and fun in common centralized locations. Face to face meetings are usual one in the day to day activities in the corporate companies. These method were used to audience for receive the message. Due to globalization, the world comes in one roof. Every countries having different culture values and also they have their own meaning of words. So cross culture communication plays vital role in the modern communication. Whenever we are participate communication, messages should be very clear and understandable globally. Nowadays one of the most popular communications is email, whenever we write formal business mail the subject line should make readers to understand the whole content of the messages. Message should be short and also we should not use any short words. The main crucial part is verifying the correct receiver before sends the mail. Our mails may be having important business strategy so that it should not reach the unintended person. Also we have to make sure that receiver got that mail. We can use delivery report or ask them to reply when they read messages. Our mail box should be secure and password should be very strong. Video conferencing is very helpful for employees to meet from different location and it helps employee to be motivated and helps employers to keep track of business progress. It has to be limited and it should not disturb the productivity of employees. Emails and chat make employees to communicate remotely. But video conferencing is more powerful compared with both. It provides the great comfortable to meet people globally and make business effectively simply sitting in the small room. Reports and presentations are important to keep track of works and productivity metrics. Also it is very efficient tool for knowledge sharing between employees. Todays competitive business, employees are jumping between companies often. In the modern business communicatio n, telephone conversation is playing major role. People in different countries may have common language, but their accent and meaning of some of the sentences may be varying based on their regions. So business conversations should be very clear and understandable to everyone. Some time it may lead to wrong understating, so it is always better to speak slow and clearly. Also we have to make sure that they understand correctly in between. Face to face meetings are helps to create a good interpersonal relationship within employees. They can discuss and solve issues in the project and management as a team. But meetings have to be recorded or minutes of meetings should be shared. Finally forums are very good to share our thoughts in a common location. It gives good relaxation to the people and creates opportunities to improve their creativity. 4.0 CONCLUSION Telecommunication revolution is thread to the security. When all the companies are using advance technology for business communication, they have to implement security procedure like cryptographic technique and secured connection to avoid information leak to the competitors and criminals. Only companys rules and technology cant stop these issues. Furthermore, dont expect that same person is involving the same business process for long time. We have perfect document and presentation, when new employee joins, he can start work without eating so many man hours. When we have good presentation it makes client or audience understand better our communication better The employees and customers also have to support to utilize advance technology better. We will utilize communication better and help to create healthy development in the world. Whenever we are communicating, we have to make sure that our communication is ethical and having moral values. Ethical communication means being t ruthful and upfront all the times. Ethical communication is creating truthfulness, accuracy and honesty. Communication should consist of caring mutual understating and respect characterizes of individuals. Everyone deserves to be respected regardless of race, gender and economic status.